en تخصصي Special مقاله مروری Review Article <div style="text-align: justify;">Background: Prolonged consumption of vegetables containing pesticide residues can pose a risk to the health of individuals over time.<br> Methods: This study aimed to retrieve the studies on the concentration of pesticides such as acetamiprid, chlorpyrifos, and diazinon in cucumber through a systematic review, and then, a meta-analysis focusing on specific subgroups. Finally, the hazard quotient (HQ) was used to assess the non-carcinogenic risk posed to consumers.<br> Results: The sequence of pesticides according to pooled (mean) concentration was acetamiprid (140.91 &mu;g/kg) > diazinon (59.03 &mu;g/kg) > chlorpyrifos (40.49 &mu;g/kg). Also, the countries were sorted based on the pooled concentration of chlorpyrifos: Spain (180.00 &mu;g/kg) > Egypt (124.90 &mu;g/kg) > Kazakhstan (49.95 &mu;g/kg) > Greece (20.50 &mu;g/kg) > Saudi Arabia (20.00 &mu;g/kg) > Jordan (3.54 &mu;g/kg) > Iran (3.10 &mu;g/kg). The order for diazinon and acetamiprid was Iran (43.20 &mu;g/kg) > Saudi Arabia (33.00 &mu;g/kg) > China (4.60 &mu;g/kg) and Turkey (231.70 &mu;g/kg) > Egypt (220 &mu;g/kg) > Pakistan (100.00 &mu;g/kg) > Kazakhstan (99.34 &mu;g/kg), respectively.<br> Conclusion: The HQ of acetamiprid, chlorpyrifos, and diazinon was less than 1 for all countries; hence, the consumption of cucumbers containing these pesticides does not pose a non-carcinogenic risk.</div> Agrochemical, Exposure, Meta-analysis, Pesticide, Risk assessment 1 15 http://ehemj.com/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1-373&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Pouria Karimi karimi.pouria70@gmail.com 100319475328460020650 100319475328460020650 No Student Research Committee, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Sepideh Sadeghi diba13740@gmail.com 100319475328460020651 100319475328460020651 No Student Research Committee, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Fatemeh Kariminejad kariminezhad136618@gmail.com 100319475328460020652 100319475328460020652 No Student Research Committee, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran Negin Rezaeiarshad 100319475328460020653 100319475328460020653 No Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Yadolah Fakhri ya.fakhri@gmail.com 100319475328460020654 100319475328460020654 No Food Health Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran Mohsen Sadani m.sadani82@outlook.com 100319475328460020655 100319475328460020655 Yes Corresponding author: Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Farshid Soleimani 100319475328460020656 100319475328460020656 No Tobacco and Health Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran Mohammad Sadeghi mohammad.sadeghi306058@gmail.com 100319475328460020657 100319475328460020657 No Student Research Committee, School of Public Health, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran