en عمومى General مقاله مروری Review Article <div style="text-align: justify;">Background: We aimed to conduct a meta-analysis on the concentration of potentially harmful elements (PHEs) in carrots and potatoes irrigated by wastewater and estimate non-carcinogenic health risks among adult and children consumers.<br> Methods: The health risk of PHEs concentration, including Pb, Cd, total Cr, Ni, Zn, Cu, and Fe, in the edible parts of carrot and potato irrigated by wastewater was investigated by a meta-analysis using a random-effects model (REM). Accordingly, the related articles were screened from international databases such as Scopus, Medline, and Embase.<br> Results: The meta-analysis of 32 papers (38 studies) revealed that the rank order of the most accumulated PHEs in potato was Fe (86.54 mg/kg wet weight) > Zn (30.9 mg/kg wet weight) > Cu (13.7 mg/kg wet weight) > Ni (8.42 mg/kg wet weight) > Pb (5.56 mg/kg wet weight) > Cr (3.45 mg/kg wet weight) > Cd (0.58 mg/kg wet weight). This ranking for carrot was Fe (43.36 mg/kg wet weight) > Zn (36.29 mg/kg wet weight) > Ni (13.49 mg/kg wet weight) > Cu (9.79 mg/kg wet weight) > Pb (1.84 mg/kg wet weight) > Cr (1.05 mg/kg wet weight) > Cd (0.28 mg/kg wet weight). Total hazard quotient (THQ) of PHEs was higher than 1 for potato and carrot; its rank order for potato and carrot was Cu > Pb > Cd > Ni > Fe > Zn > Cr and Cd > Pb > Cu > Ni > Fe > Zn > Cr, respectively. The Cd, Pb, and Cu had also a considerable role for consumer health risk.<br> Conclusion: According to the results, continuous monitor and control of wastewater treatment plants are necessary.</div> Wastewater, Food chain, Cadmium, Lead, Risk assessment 245 255 http://ehemj.com/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1-222&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Pouria Karimi karimi.pouria70@gmail.com 10031947532846009241 10031947532846009241 No Student Research Committee, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Ahmadreza Yazdanbakhsh yazdanbakhsh@sbmu.ac.ir 10031947532846009242 10031947532846009242 Yes Corresponding author: Workplace Health Promotion Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Ali Atamaleki aliatamaleki69@yahoo.com 10031947532846009243 10031947532846009243 No Student Research Committee, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Fatemeh Kariminejad kariminezhad136618@gmail.com 10031947532846009244 10031947532846009244 No Student Research Committee, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran Mohammad Ahmadian moh.ahmadian@yahoo.com 10031947532846009245 10031947532846009245 No Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Bam University of Medical Science, Bam, Iran Sevda Fallah fallah.sevda@yahoo.com 10031947532846009246 10031947532846009246 No Corresponding author:Student Research Committee, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran