Environmental Health Engineering and Management Journal
Environmental Health Engineering and Management Journal
Environ. Health Eng. Manag.
Medical Sciences
http://ehemj.com
1
admin
2423-3765
2423-4311
8
7
14
8888
13
en
jalali
1401
7
1
gregorian
2022
10
1
9
4
online
1
fulltext
en
Microbiological contamination of commercial enteral feeding and blenderized tube feeding: A systematic review
تخصصي
Special
مقاله مروری
Review Article
<div style="text-align: justify;">Background: All types of enteral feeding (EF) formulations, whether blenderized tube feeding (BTF) at hospital kitchen, or commercial enteral feeding (CEF), contains nutrients. The nature of these foods (in terms of pH, nutrient contents, water activity, etc.) is so that if they become contaminated, would immediately grow pathogens inside and put the patient at the risk of infection. This systematic review aimed to investigate the microbial safety of BTF and CEF used in hospitals.<br>
Methods: Literature search was conducted in four English databases, including Scopus, PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar, using multiple keywords, such as enteral nutrition, blenderized formulas, home enteral nutrition, enteral formula, EF, blenderized enteral formula, blended feeds, blenderized home-made food, CEF, microbial contamination, and bacterial contamination. Finally, 16 eligible studies were selected for the systematic review.<br>
Results: Out of 132 retrieved articles, 16 were selected and reviewed CEF was mostly exposed to contamination with total coliforms, Staphylococcus aureus, mesophilic bacteria, and Escherichia coli. In addition, contamination with gram-negative bacteria, Bacillus cereus, mold, and yeast was detected. Most BTF contamination was caused by total coliforms, mesophilic bacteria, Listeria spp., B. cereus, mold, and yeast.<br>
Conclusion: Due to the nonconformity of hygienic guidelines, the microbial safety of EF solutions in hospitals and homes are relatively low, which may lead to foodborne diseases. Therefore, a hazard analysis and critical control point (HACCP) system is essential in every hospital kitchen.</div>
Enteral nutrition, Hazard analysis and critical control points, Foodborne diseases, Hospitals, Nutrients
355
364
http://ehemj.com/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1-270&slc_lang=en&sid=1
Behnam
Bahramian
Bahramianbehnnam1372@gmail.com
100319475328460011245
100319475328460011245
Yes
Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Mahboobe
Sarabi-Jamab
mahboobe.sarabi@gmail.com
100319475328460011246
100319475328460011246
No
Department of Food Biotechnology, Research Institute of Food Science and Technology, Mashhad, Iran
Elyas
Nattagh-Eshtivani
NattaghEE971@mums.ac.ir
100319475328460011247
100319475328460011247
No
Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Mitra
Rezaie
rezaeigm@mums.ac.ir
100319475328460011248
100319475328460011248
No
Corresponding author: Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran