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Showing 3 results for Poisoning
Leila Rezaei, Vali Alipour, Parisa Sharafi, Hamidreza Ghaffari, Amene Nematollahi, Vida Pesarakloo, Yadolah Fakhri,
Volume 8, Issue 2 (2-2021)
Abstract
Background: The presence of toxic heavy metals in cereal grains like rice is one of the main human and environmental health concerns. Their importance is because of their non-biodegradability nature, high half-time, and bioaccumulation ability in the human body. Among heavy metals, cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), and arsenic (As) are most critical, so their concentrations in rice were evaluated in this study.
Methods: In this study, the concentration of Cd and Pb was determined by graphite-furnace atomic absorption spectrometer (GF-AAS), while the concentration of As was measured by atomic spectrum poll after acid digestion of the milled rice samples. The probabilistic health risk assessment of Cd, As, and Pb through consumption of different types of rice including local rice and two types imported from India (IND) and Pakistan (PAK), was estimated for the adults in Hormozgan province using Monte Carlo simulation (MCS) technique.
Results: It was revealed that the concentrations of all Cd, As, and Pb in the local rice samples were lower than those in the PAK and IND samples. The average concentration of As, Pb, and Cd in the rice samples were 0.045, 0.057, and 0.022 mg/kg, respectively. The estimated total target hazard quotient (TTHQ) for this population was lower than 1, representing negligible non-carcinogenic risk through rice consumption. However, total carcinogenic risk (TCR) via As intake showed a considerable carcinogenic risk (TCR > 1E-4) for this population.
Conclusion: According to the results, it is necessary to perform continuous monitoring for concentration of Cd, As, and Pb especially in the imported rice samples.
Mengistu Jemberu Dagnaw, Mahesh Gopal,
Volume 8, Issue 4 (11-2021)
Abstract
Background: The aim of this research was to develop a fluorogenic sensor for Al3 + ions, which have been identified as a possible food and drinking water pollutant by the WHO and considered to be harmful to human health.
Methods: The sensing mechanism was based on excited-state intramolecular proton transfer, with the intramolecular rotation restriction occurring after binding with the analyte. The probe attaches Al3 + selectively and emits strong emission in 4:1 H2O/MeOH (v/v) solution while irradiated at 400 nm in the presence of a wide number of cations, acting as a “turn-on” fluorescence chemosensor. The range of detection for Al3 + is 3.3 nM (3 method), which is more than 200 times more responsive than the WHO suggested limit of 7.4 mM (3σ method). Mass spectra, job plot, and Benesi-Hildebrand plot were used to determine the formation of the 1:1 metal-to-ligand complex.
Results: Aluminum (Al) ion content in effluent obtained from the pharmaceutical sector is 0.381 mM, which is a trace amount. A separate in vitro experiment indicates that the probe can precisely perceive Al3 + ions in a cell line. The sensor-based method is developed to detect 3.3 nM of Al3 + ions, which is significantly less than the WHO max.
Conclusion: The probe to detect Al3 + ions in live cells. HL becomes a flexible sensor for recognizing intracellular Al3 + in human liver cancer cell line Hep G2 and human lung fibroblast cell lines by fluorescence cell imaging procedures, and the probe’s non-toxicity has been proven by MTT tests up to 100M.
Younes Mohammadi, Abdollah Dargahi, Mostafa Leili, Fateme Samiee,
Volume 10, Issue 4 (10-2023)
Abstract
Background: The exposure to toxic metals is a major global health concern due to their stability, bioaccumulation, and high toxicity. These metals can be transmitted to the fetus through the placenta and exposure can last throughout life. This systematic review focused on the potential risks of arsenic (As) in breast milk to newborns and infants.
Methods: Multiple keywords, such as “human milk” and “breast milk”, associated with “toxic metal”, “heavy metal” or “arsenic” were used to search related databases. Of the 151 articles found, 45 studies were eligible for qualitative review, and 34 were included in the meta-analysis.
Results: The lowest and highest levels of arsenic were found to be 0.04 ± 0.70 and 27.75 ± 28.30 μg/L, respectively. The overall pooled average concentration (95% CI) of arsenic in breast milk was 0.11 (95% CI: 0.11, 0.12). The results indicated that infants who consume breast milk are within a safe limit for cancer risk.
Conclusion: The exposure to significant metals is associated with disease development. Therefore, ongoing knowledge creation through mental acts and continuous observation is necessary to better understand the effects of heavy metals in future studies.
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